In a sustained effort to challenge the reach of international legal institutions, the Trump administration has imposed financial sanctions on ICC president Tomoko Akane and senior prosecutor Abdoulaye Seye, freezing their American assets and severing their access to the US financial system. The move is rooted in a long-standing American grievance: that a court without jurisdiction over its citizens has nonetheless pursued its soldiers and allies, most pointedly Israel's leadership. At stake is a question as old as sovereignty itself — who holds the authority to judge, and by whose consent does