Turkey's Gold Hoarding Problem: Billions Locked Outside Banking System

Across Turkey, generations of families have quietly built fortresses of gold — tucked into drawers, buried in gardens, sealed in safes — as a living memory of currencies that collapsed and institutions that failed them. This private wealth, vast in aggregate, sits outside the formal economy like a river that never reaches the sea. Now the Turkish government is attempting something more difficult than policy: it is asking its citizens to trust again, to move their gold from the intimacy of home into the arms of a system that history has given them reason to doubt. Whether that trust can be rebu