In mid-September, Benjamin Dzoboku, Managing Director of Republic Bank Ghana, offered a quiet but pointed diagnosis of his nation's condition: Ghana does not lack resources, it lacks the discipline to steward them. Speaking on Joy FM, he placed the burden of development not on geography or foreign aid, but on the interior culture of accountability that either animates or hollows out institutions. His argument belongs to an old and serious tradition — the idea that what a society does with what it has matters far more than what it happens to possess.