For four decades, the boundary of space medicine has been drawn by the limits of ultrasound — a capable but incomplete tool for bodies venturing ever farther from Earth. In September 2026, a team led by Dr. Sheyna Gifford of the Mayo Clinic crossed that boundary, conducting the first diagnostic X-ray imaging aboard a commercial spaceflight and proving that radiography can function in microgravity with image quality rivaling ground-based scans. The achievement does not merely add a device to an astronaut's medical kit; it redraws what is possible for human health on the long road to the Moon, M