Across years of patient observation and analysis, Chinese scientists have rendered the moon's ancient face into a single, sweeping geological portrait — a map that does not merely describe where craters lie, but asks how they came to be, and what they mean. Drawing on data from the Chang'e missions, researchers at the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences have catalogued billions of years of lunar history, from the earliest catastrophic impacts to the slow cooling of a world's interior. The map arrives not as a conclusion, but as a foundation — a document of the past that will guide human foo