Ancient dwarf galaxy collision may have flipped Milky Way 90+ degrees 10 billion years ago

Ten billion years ago, a dwarf galaxy known as the Gaia Sausage collided with the Milky Way with such force that it may have rotated our entire galactic disk by more than ninety degrees, fundamentally reshaping the structure of the world we inhabit today. Astronomers, reading the ancient memory written into the movements of millions of stars, are piecing together this violent chapter of our cosmic origins. What emerges is not merely a story about our own galaxy, but a deeper understanding of how all galaxies are born through collision, absorption, and transformation across immeasurable stretch