In the long American argument over who belongs by birthright, President Trump signed two executive orders Thursday seeking to narrow the boundaries of citizenship — targeting birth tourism and expanding the categories of children deemed ineligible for automatic citizenship under the 14th Amendment. The moves arrive in the wake of a Supreme Court decision reaffirming that amendment's broad protections, and immigration scholars are already questioning whether these orders carry the force of law or the weight of political declaration. At stake is a question as old as the republic itself: who deci