When governments face their most consequential health decisions—who receives a scarce vaccine, how to regulate the most intimate aspects of human life—the tools they reach for are rarely equal to the moment. A study published in the American Journal of Public Health by Dr. Michelle Bosché and colleagues at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center argues that health policy has long been measured by a single, impoverished standard: cost. Their research maps five dimensions of policy efficiency and demonstrates, through three international case studies, that structured public deliberation strengthens all of th