In the quiet architecture of a leaf beetle larva's life, survival is a problem solved twice over — once by the body, and once by its own waste. Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have found that the larvae of Chlamisus laticollis construct fecal cases that shield them from the phototoxic dangers of chlorophyll, the very pigment in the Rhododendron leaves they consume. Yet the larvae also carry internal defenses that neutralize chlorophyll's toxic breakdown products independent of any external armor, suggesting that evolution, when faced with a double threat, sometimes answers with a