European economic data, Thanksgiving closures, and Ibersol earnings dominate markets this week

Germany could face a period of stagnation rather than recovery
Clemens Fuest, president of Germany's Ifo institute, warned in late October of economic risks ahead.

Numa semana em que os mercados americanos cedem ao ritmo das festividades do Dia de Ação de Graças, a Europa ocupa o centro do palco económico, apresentando indicadores que revelarão se as suas maiores economias estão a encontrar terreno firme ou a afundar-se ainda mais. A Alemanha, que já atravessou dois anos consecutivos de recessão, aguarda com contenção os dados do clima empresarial do Ifo — um termómetro da confiança numa nação que teme a estagnação mais do que a queda. Portugal, França, Espanha e Itália juntam-se a este exercício coletivo de autoavaliação, enquanto investidores e decisores políticos procuram sinais de recuperação num continente que ainda não encontrou o seu equilíbrio.

  • O índice de clima empresarial Ifo da Alemanha deverá recuar para 88 pontos em novembro, sinalizando que a confiança permanece frágil após dois anos consecutivos de recessão e alimentando receios de uma estagnação prolongada.
  • Os mercados americanos encerram na quinta-feira para o Dia de Ação de Graças e fecham mais cedo na sexta-feira, reduzindo os volumes de negociação e criando uma pausa forçada que amplifica a importância dos dados europeus desta semana.
  • Portugal, França, Alemanha, Espanha e Itália lançam simultaneamente dados de confiança, inflação, emprego e PIB, transformando a semana numa radiografia coletiva da saúde económica da zona euro.
  • A Ibersol, operadora portuguesa de restauração, apresenta resultados trimestrais que ilustram uma tensão recorrente: crescimento de receitas a dois dígitos que não impediu a queda do lucro líquido, pressionado pelo peso das amortizações.
  • Antes do feriado americano, os EUA divulgam a segunda estimativa do PIB do terceiro trimestre e o índice PCE de inflação — a medida preferida da Reserva Federal —, dados que continuarão a moldar as expectativas sobre política monetária.

Esta semana, o calendário económico europeu concentra uma densidade invulgar de indicadores capazes de revelar se o continente está a estabilizar ou a aprofundar as suas dificuldades. O destaque vai para a Alemanha: o instituto Ifo publicará o seu índice de clima empresarial de novembro, esperado em 88 pontos — ligeiramente abaixo dos 88,4 de outubro —, num país que acumula dois anos consecutivos de recessão e onde o presidente do Ifo, Clemens Fuest, já alertou para o risco de estagnação prolongada.

Do outro lado do Atlântico, os mercados americanos observam o Dia de Ação de Graças com encerramento total na quinta-feira, reabrindo brevemente na sexta-feira antes de fechar cedo para o Black Friday. Antes da pausa, os EUA divulgam a segunda estimativa do PIB do terceiro trimestre e o índice PCE de inflação — referência preferida da Reserva Federal —, além dos dados semanais de reservas energéticas.

Portugal contribui com um conjunto alargado de publicações: avaliações bancárias de habitação de outubro — onde o preço mediano por metro quadrado atingiu 1.995 euros em setembro —, dados de depósitos e crédito do Banco de Portugal, inquéritos de confiança de novembro, estimativa rápida do índice de preços no consumidor, emprego, turismo e contas nacionais do terceiro trimestre. França e Alemanha dominam o calendário europeu mais amplo, com dados de confiança dos consumidores, desemprego, inflação e PIB, enquanto Espanha e Itália reportam inflação de novembro. O Eurostat completará o quadro com a confiança final dos consumidores da zona euro e os sentimentos industrial e de serviços.

No plano empresarial português, a Ibersol — operadora de cadeias como Pizza Hut, KFC e Pans & Company — encerra o ciclo de resultados trimestrais do PSI. No primeiro semestre de 2025, a empresa registou um lucro líquido de 1,6 milhões de euros, abaixo do período homólogo, apesar de um crescimento de receitas a dois dígitos e de margens EBITDA melhoradas. O peso das depreciações e amortizações comprometeu o resultado final — um lembrete de que a força das vendas nem sempre se traduz em retorno para os acionistas.

This week, the economic calendar fills with the kind of data that traders and policymakers watch to understand whether Europe's largest economies are healing or sliding further into trouble. Germany's Ifo institute will release its November business climate index, expected to fall to 88 points—a retreat from October's 88.4 and a sign that optimism is fragile in a country that has now endured two straight years of recession. The worry, as Clemens Fuest, the Ifo president, warned in late October, is that Germany could face a period of stagnation rather than recovery.

Across the Atlantic, the American markets will observe Thanksgiving on Thursday with a complete shutdown, then reopen Friday morning before closing early at 6 p.m. Portugal time for Black Friday trading. Before the holiday, the US will release second estimates of third-quarter GDP and the PCE inflation index—the Federal Reserve's preferred measure for its flexible 2 percent target. The Energy Information Administration will also report on crude reserves and stocks of distillates and gasoline from the previous week.

Portugal's own economic picture will come into focus through several releases. The National Statistics Institute will publish October housing valuations from banks, where the median price per square meter reached 1,995 euros in September, up 30 euros from August. The Bank of Portugal will report on October deposits and credit flows. The institute will also release November business and consumer surveys, along with provisional mortality tables for 2023 to 2025. On the price front, Portugal will report November's rapid consumer price index estimate, October employment and unemployment figures, October tourism activity, and third-quarter national accounts.

France and Germany dominate the broader European data calendar. France will publish November consumer confidence and third-quarter GDP. Germany will release November unemployment and inflation figures, along with October retail sales. Spain and Italy will both report November inflation. The Eurostat agency will provide final November consumer confidence data for the eurozone as a whole, plus industrial and services sentiment for the same month. Italy will add its own November consumer confidence reading, and Spain will contribute September business confidence figures.

For investors watching energy markets, Baker Hughes will release its weekly count of active oil and gas rigs in the United States—a closely watched barometer of drilling activity and petroleum sector health, particularly for those trading across the Atlantic.

Ibersol, the Portuguese restaurant operator running chains including Pizza Hut, Kentucky Fried Chicken, and Pans & Company, will close out the quarterly earnings cycle on the PSI index by reporting results for the third quarter and the first nine months of the year. In the first half of 2025, the company posted net income of 1.6 million euros, a decline from the same period in 2024 despite double-digit revenue growth and improved EBITDA margins. The weight of depreciation and amortization charges pulled the bottom line down, a reminder that top-line strength does not always translate to shareholder returns.

The week ahead is dense with the kind of granular economic intelligence that shapes investment decisions and central bank policy. Europe's data releases will test whether the continent's largest economies are stabilizing or deteriorating. The American holiday closures will thin trading volumes and create a natural pause in the market's usual rhythm. And Ibersol's earnings will offer a window into how Portuguese consumer-facing businesses are navigating an uncertain economic environment.

Germany, after passing through two consecutive years of recession in 2023 and 2024, could face a period without growth
— Clemens Fuest, president of Germany's Ifo institute
A Conversa do Hearth Outra perspectiva sobre a história
Inventor

Why does Germany's business climate index matter so much to investors across Europe?

Model

Because Germany is the eurozone's largest economy, and when German business leaders lose confidence, it signals trouble ahead for the whole region. Two years of recession have already shaken things. If this index falls again, it suggests companies are not expecting recovery anytime soon.

Inventor

The source mentions that Clemens Fuest warned about stagnation rather than recession. What's the difference, and why does it matter?

Model

Recession means the economy shrinks. Stagnation means it stops growing altogether—flat, no movement. Stagnation is sometimes harder to escape because there's no crisis forcing action. It just becomes the new normal.

Inventor

Why would the US markets closing for Thanksgiving affect European investors?

Model

Because US markets are the largest in the world. When they close, trading volume drops everywhere, including Europe. Investors who might normally rebalance or react to news hold back. It creates a kind of artificial calm.

Inventor

What does the PCE inflation index tell us that other inflation measures don't?

Model

The Fed prefers it because it includes energy and food but weights them differently than other indexes. It's meant to capture what the Fed actually cares about—the inflation that affects people's real purchasing power and wage growth.

Inventor

Ibersol's revenue grew double digits but net income fell. How does that happen?

Model

Depreciation and amortization. When a company invests heavily in restaurants, equipment, and infrastructure, those assets lose value on the books every year. You can sell more pizza and still show less profit if your asset base is aging or if you've taken on debt to expand.

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